Japanese encephalitis

Indication: Vaccination provides protection against Japanese encephalitis. Vaccination is recommended if you intend to spend more than three to four weeks in a region where the disease is prevalent.

Vaccination: You need two injections at an interval of about two weeks, and the vaccination now provides protection for one year. A third vaccination administered one year later extends protection to three years.

Protection: The vaccine does not give 100 per cent protection, so it is no alternative to ordinary protection against mosquito bites.

Side effects include:

• Redness around injection site
• Hardening of skin around injection site
• Weakness
• Fever
• Head aches

Japanese Encephalitis Vaccination Resource:

A Diagnostic Algorithm to Serologically Differentiate West Nile Virus from Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infections and Its Validation in Field Surveillance of Poultry and Horses.
Yeh JY, Lee JH, Park JY, Seo HJ, Moon JS, Cho IS, Kim HP, Yang YJ, Ahn KM, Kyung SG, Choi IS, Lee JB.
Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 2012 Jan 4. [Epub ahead of print
Encephalitis temporally associated with live attenuated Japanese encephalitis vaccine: Four case reports.
Jia N, Zhao QM, Guo XF, Cheng JX, Wu C, Zuo SQ, Dai PF, Zhao JY, Zhang JS.
BMC Infect Dis. 2011 Dec 14;11(1):344. [Epub ahead of print
Poly-γ-glutamic acid nanoparticles and aluminum adjuvant used as an adjuvant with a single dose of Japanese encephalitis virus-like particles provide effective protection from Japanese encephalitis virus.
Okamoto S, Yoshii H, Matsuura M, Kojima A, Ishikawa T, Akagi T, Akashi M, Takahashi M, Yamanishi K, Mori Y.
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2012 Jan;19(1):17-22. Epub 2011 Nov 16
Estimated global incidence of Japanese encephalitis: a systematic review.
Campbell GL, Hills SL, Fischer M, Jacobson JA, Hoke CH, Hombach JM, Marfin AA, Solomon T, Tsai TF, Tsu VD, Ginsburg AS.
Bull World Health Organ. 2011 Oct 1;89(10):766-74, 774A-774E. Epub 2011 Aug 3
Vaccination of travelers: how far have we come and where are we going?
Chen LH, Hill DR, Wilder-Smith A.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2011 Nov;10(11):1609-20
Immunizing children aged 9 to 15 months with live attenuated SA14-14-2 Japanese encephalitis vaccine in Thailand.
Chotpitayasunondh T, Sohn YM, Yoksan S, Min J, Ohrr H.
J Med Assoc Thai. 2011 Aug;94 Suppl 3:S195-203
Japanese encephalitis in a Danish short-term traveler to Cambodia.
Werlinrud AM, Christiansen CB, Koch A.
J Travel Med. 2011 Nov-Dec;18(6):411-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00565.x. Epub 2011 Oct 12
[West Nile virus expanding in Europe].
Reusken CB, van Maanen CK, Martina BE, Sonder GJ, van Gorp EC, Koopmans MP.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2011;155(39):A3715. Review. Dutch.
[Dramatic improvement in two cases of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis after immunomodulating therapy].
Kitada M, Suzuki H, Ichihashi J, Mitsui Y, Tanaka K, Kusunoki S.
Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2011 Sep;51(9):683-7. Japanese.
Emergence of Japanese encephalitis virus genotype V in the Republic of Korea.
Takhampunya R, Kim HC, Tippayachai B, Kengluecha A, Klein TA, Lee WJ, Grieco J, Evans BP.
Virol J. 2011 Sep 23;8:449
Safety profile of the Vero cell-derived Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) vaccine IXIARO(®).
Schuller E, Klingler A, Dubischar-Kastner K, Dewasthaly S, Müller Z.
Vaccine. 2011 Nov 3;29(47):8669-76. Epub 2011 Sep 10
Flavivirus-induced antibody cross-reactivity.
Mansfield KL, Horton DL, Johnson N, Li L, Barrett AD, Smith DJ, Galbraith SE, Solomon T, Fooks AR.
J Gen Virol. 2011 Dec;92(Pt 12):2821-9. Epub 2011 Sep 7
Safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine in flavivirus-naive infants.
Watanaveeradej V, Simasathien S, Nisalak A, Endy TP, Jarman RG, Innis BL, Thomas SJ, Gibbons RV, Hengprasert S, Samakoses R, Kerdpanich A, Vaughn DW, Putnak JR, Eckels KH, Barrera Rde L, Mammen MP Jr.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2011 Aug;85(2):341-51
Comparison of immune response generated against Japanese encephalitis virus envelope protein expressed by DNA vaccines under macrophage associated versus ubiquitous expression promoters.
Ahsan MF, Gore MM.
Virol J. 2011 Aug 2;8:382
Evidence of Japanese encephalitis virus infections in swine populations in 8 provinces of Cambodia: implications for national Japanese encephalitis vaccination policy.
Duong V, Sorn S, Holl D, Rani M, Deubel V, Buchy P.
Acta Trop. 2011 Oct-Nov;120(1-2):146-50. Epub 2011 Jul 22
Correlation of protection against Japanese encephalitis virus and JE vaccine (IXIARO(®)) induced neutralizing antibody titers.
Van Gessel Y, Klade CS, Putnak R, Formica A, Krasaesub S, Spruth M, Cena B, Tungtaeng A, Gettayacamin M, Dewasthaly S.
Vaccine. 2011 Aug 11;29(35):5925-31. Epub 2011 Jun 30
A comparison of clinical features of Japanese encephalitis virus infection in the adult and pediatric age group with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome.
Borah J, Dutta P, Khan SA, Mahanta J.
J Clin Virol. 2011 Sep;52(1):45-9. Epub 2011 Jun 28
Estimation of nationwide vaccination coverage and comparison of interview and telephone survey methodology for estimating vaccination status.
Park B, Lee YK, Cho LY, Go UY, Yang JJ, Ma SH, Choi BY, Lee MS, Lee JS, Choi EH, Lee HJ, Park SK.
J Korean Med Sci. 2011 Jun;26(6):711-9. Epub 2011 May 18
Recommendations for use of a booster dose of inactivated vero cell culture-derived Japanese encephalitis vaccine: advisory committee on immunization practices, 2011.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011 May 27;60(20):661-3
Travel and vaccination patterns: a report from a travel medicine clinic in northern Sweden.
Angelin M, Evengård B, Palmgren H.
Scand J Infect Dis. 2011 Sep;43(9):714-20. Epub 2011 May 17
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