Origin of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in gorillas.
|
Origin of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in gorillas.
|
Authors: Liu W,Li Y,Learn GH,Rudicell RS,Robertson JD,Keele BF,Ndjango JB,Sanz CM,Morgan DB,Locatelli S,Gonder MK,Kranzusch PJ,Walsh PD,Delaporte E,Mpoudi-Ngole E,Georgiev AV,Muller MN,Shaw GM,Peeters M,Sharp PM,Rayner JC,Hahn BH,
Address: Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
Journal: Nature.
Publication: 2010 Sep 23;467(7314):420-5. doi: 10.1038/nature09442.
Free Text: Origin of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in gorillas.
Plasmodium falciparum is the most prevalent and lethal of the malaria parasites infecting humans, yet the Origin and evolutionary history of this important pathogen remain controversial. Here we develop a single-genome amplification strategy to identify and characterize Plasmodium spp. DNA sequences in faecal samples from wild-living apes. Among nearly 3,000 specimens collected from field sites throughout central Africa, we found Plasmodium infection in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), but not in eastern gorillas (Gorilla beringei) or bonobos (Pan paniscus). Ape plasmodial infections were highly prevalent, widely distributed and almost always made up of mixed parasite species. Analysis of more than 1,100 mitochondrial, apicoplast and nuclear gene sequences from chimpanzees and gorillas revealed that 99% grouped within one of six host-specific lineages representing distinct Plasmodium species within the subgenus Laverania. One of these from western gorillas comprised parasites that were nearly identical to P. falciparum. In phylogenetic analyses of full-length mitochondrial sequences, human P. falciparum formed a monophyletic lineage within the gorilla parasite radiation. These findings indicate that P. falciparum is of gorilla origin and not of chimpanzee, bonobo or ancient human origin.
TraveldoctorOnline 2001 • Disclaimer • webmaster
The contents within traveldoctoronline are presented only for informational purposes and cannot substitute for professional health care or any other medical treatment.All users of this website with health problems should be oblige always to consult their medical doctor before starting any treatment.
