Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by a single-celled parasite named Toxoplasma gondii. It is found throughout the world. You can become infected after accidentally ingesting (swallowing) infective Toxoplasma eggs from soil or other contaminated surfaces, or if you have eaten raw or partly cooked meat, especially pork, lamb, or venison, or if you have touched your hands to your mouth after touching the meat.

Manifestations: Most people who become infected with toxoplasmosis have no symptoms, but you may have:

• swollen lymph glands
• muscle aches and pains

You will recover in a few days.

Patients with immune system problems and infants may develop severe toxoplasmosis, which results in damage to the eye or the brain. Infants who became infected before birth can be born retarded or with several other serious mental or physical problems.

Diagnose and treatment: Diagnose is demonstrated by blood test: Treatment is available.

Prevent toxoplasmosis by:

• Don’t eat raw or partly cooked meat
• Don’t eat raw eggs
• Vegetables should be washed

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Toxoplasmose Resource:

Comparison of four commercially available avidity tests for Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgG antibodies.
Villard O, Breit L, Cimon B, Franck J, Fricker-Hidalgo H, Godineau N, Houze S, Paris L, Pelloux H, Villena I, Candolfi E; French National Reference Center for Toxoplasmosis Network.
Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013 Feb;20(2):197-204. doi: 10.1128/CVI.00356-12. Epub 2012 Dec 12
In vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity of essential oils and chemical components from three medicinal plants found in northeastern Brazil.
Mota ML, Lobo LT, Costa JM, Costa LS, Rocha HA, Rocha e Silva LF, Pohlit AM, Neto VF.
Planta Med. 2012 May;78(7):658-64. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1298333. Epub 2012 Mar 22
New strategy for the survey of Toxoplasma gondii in meat for human consumption.
Villena I, Durand B, Aubert D, Blaga R, Geers R, Thomas M, Perret C, Alliot A, Escotte-Binet S, Thébault A, Boireau P, Halos L.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Feb 10;183(3-4):203-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.08.001. Epub 2011 Aug 7
Mefloquine adverse effects with atypical facial lesions in an overweight patient.
Descloux E, De Monbrison F, Basselin C, Vial T, Peyron F.
Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010 Sep;8(5):318-21. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2010.06.003. Epub 2010 Aug 6
Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolates with 15 microsatellite markers in a single multiplex PCR assay.
Ajzenberg D, Collinet F, Mercier A, Vignoles P, Dardé ML.
J Clin Microbiol. 2010 Dec;48(12):4641-5. doi: 10.1128/JCM.01152-10. Epub 2010 Sep 29
Molecular and biological characteristics of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from wildlife in France.
Aubert D, Ajzenberg D, Richomme C, Gilot-Fromont E, Terrier ME, de Gevigney C, Game Y, Maillard D, Gibert P, Dardé ML, Villena I.
Vet Parasitol. 2010 Aug 4;171(3-4):346-9. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.03.033. Epub 2010 Apr 1
Primary culture of intestinal epithelial cells as a potential model for Toxoplasma gondii enteric cycle studies.
Moura Mde A, Amendoeira MR, Barbosa HS.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Sep;104(6):862-4
The IFN-gamma +874T/A gene polymorphism is associated with retinochoroiditis toxoplasmosis susceptibility.
Albuquerque MC, Aleixo AL, Benchimol EI, Leandro AC, das Neves LB, Vicente RT, Bonecini-Almeida Mda G, Amendoeira MR.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 May;104(3):451-5
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts in water: proposition of a strategy and evaluation in Champagne-Ardenne Region, France.
Aubert D, Villena I.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Mar;104(2):290-5
Toxoplasmosis screening and risk factors amongst pregnant females in Natal, northeastern Brazil.
Barbosa IR, de Carvalho Xavier Holanda CM, de Andrade-Neto VF.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Apr;103(4):377-82. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2008.11.025. Epub 2009 Feb 10
Quantitative real-time PCR is not more sensitive than "conventional" PCR.
Bastien P, Procop GW, Reischl U.
J Clin Microbiol. 2008 Jun;46(6):1897-900. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02258-07. Epub 2008 Apr 9. No abstract available.
The first record of American visceral leishmaniasis in domestic cats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
da Silva AV, de Souza Cândido CD, de Pita Pereira D, Brazil RP, Carreira JC.
Acta Trop. 2008 Jan;105(1):92-4. Epub 2007 Sep 14
In vitro inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum by substances isolated from Amazonian antimalarial plants.
de Andrade-Neto VF, Pohlit AM, Pinto AC, Silva EC, Nogueira KL, Melo MR, Henrique MC, Amorim RC, Silva LF, Costa MR, Nunomura RC, Nunomura SM, Alecrim WD, Alecrim Md, Chaves FC, Vieira PP.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2007 Jun;102(3):359-65
[Prenatal treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis].
Chemla C, Villena I, Trenque T, Pinon JM; Groupe Toxoplasmose de Reims.
Presse Med. 2005 Dec 17;34(22 Pt 1):1719. French. No abstract available.
[Research on antibodies anti toxoplasma gondii in intraocular fluids (Aqueous and vitreous humor) from patients with ocular toxoplasmosis, in the City of Belém, Pará State].
Carmo EL, Almeida EF, Bichara CN, PĂłvoa MM.
Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2005 Jan-Feb;38(1):77-9. Epub 2005 Jan 18. Portuguese.
Usefulness of quantitative polymerase chain reaction in amniotic fluid as early prognostic marker of fetal infection with Toxoplasma gondii.
Romand S, Chosson M, Franck J, Wallon M, Kieffer F, Kaiser K, Dumon H, Peyron F, Thulliez P, Picot S.
Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2004 Mar;190(3):797-802
Commentary: Efficacy of prenatal treatment for toxoplasmosis: a possibility that cannot be ruled out.
Thulliez P.
Int J Epidemiol. 2001 Dec;30(6):1315-6. No abstract available.
Prenatal diagnosis using polymerase chain reaction on amniotic fluid for congenital toxoplasmosis.
Romand S, Wallon M, Franck J, Thulliez P, Peyron F, Dumon H.
Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Feb;97(2):296-300
Opsonization of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites with nonspecific immunoglobulins promotes their phagocytosis by macrophages and inhibits their proliferation in nonphagocytic cells in tissue culture.
Vercammen M, Scorza T, El Bouhdidi A, Van Beeck K, Carlier Y, Dubremetz JF, Verschueren H.
Parasite Immunol. 1999 Nov;21(11):555-63
[Problems of congenital toxoplasmosis. Evolution over four decades].
Couvreur J.
Presse Med. 1999 Apr 10;28(14):753-7. Review. French.
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