E. coli infection (ETEC)
Some Escherichia coli are enterotoxigenic (ETEC) which means that they produce toxins and cause diarrhoea disease. Enterotoxigenic E. coli is the most common cause of travellers?diarrhoea and have also caused several foodborne outbreaks in the western countries.
Transmission is through food or water contaminated with human or animal faeces. Person-to-person transmission may also occur, but is likely to be less common.
Manifestations:
The disease gives:
Watery or bloody diarrhoea Abdominal cramps Fever. Diagnose and treatment: E. coli is demonstrated in stools. Treatment is not normally recommended but is available. Rehydration is needed.
Vaccination: Vaccination against cholera
Prevent ETEC by
Drink only water that you have boiled or treated with chlorine or iodine. Other safe beverages include tea and coffee made with boiled water and carbonated bottled beverages with no ice. Eat only foods that have been thoroughly cooked and are still hot Eat only fruit that you have peeled yourself. Avoid undercooked or raw fish or shellfish. Make sure all vegetables are cooked Avoid salads. Avoid foods and beverages from street vendors. Vaccine
E. coli infektion ETEC Resource: Real Time PCR-based Mismatch Amplification Mutation Assay for the Specific Detection of CS6-expressing Allelic Variants of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and its Application in Assessing Diarrheal Cases and Asymptomatic Controls. J Clin Microbiol . 2012 Jan 4. [Epub ahead of printTwo cases of hemorrhagic diarrhea caused by Cronobacter sakazakii in hospitalized nursing infants associated with the consumption of powdered infant formula. J Food Prot . 2011 Dec;74(12):2177-81A Structural Basis for Sustained Bacterial Adhesion: Biomechanical Properties of CFA/I Pili. J Mol Biol . 2012 Feb 3;415(5):918-28. Epub 2011 Dec 9Directed evaluation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli autotransporter proteins as putative vaccine candidates. PLoS Negl Trop Dis . 2011 Dec;5(12):e1428. Epub 2011 Dec 6Structure-based redesign of an edema toxin inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem . 2012 Jan 1;20(1):368-76. Epub 2011 Nov 16Applications of PCR (real-time and MassTag) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in diagnosis of respiratory infections and diarrheal illness among deployed U.S. military personnel during exercise Balikatan 2009, Philippines. Mil Med . 2011 Oct;176(10):1096-100Contribution of enteric infection, altered intestinal barrier function, and maternal malnutrition to infant malnutrition in Bangladesh. Clin Infect Dis . 2012 Jan 15;54(2):185-92. Epub 2011 Nov 21QRDR mutations, efflux system & antimicrobial resistance genes in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from an outbreak of diarrhoea in Ahmedabad, India. Indian J Med Res . 2011 Aug;134(2):214-23Polymerase chain reaction-based method for the typing of F18 fimbriae and distribution of F18 fimbrial subtypes among porcine Shiga toxin-encoding Escherichia coli in Germany. J Vet Diagn Invest . 2011 May;23(3):454-64Effects of different concentrations of enterotoxigenic and verotoxigenic E. coli on boar sperm quality. Anim Reprod Sci . 2011 Sep;127(3-4):176-82. doi: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2011.07.018. Epub 2011 Aug 16Refined mapping of the Escherichia coli F4ab/F4ac receptor gene(s) on pig chromosome 13. Anim Genet . 2011 Oct;42(5):552-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02176.x. Epub 2011 Feb 23Beneficial genotype of swine FUT1 gene governing resistance to E. coli F18 is associated with important economic traits. J Genet . 2011 Aug;90(2):315-8. No abstract available.Detection of virulence factors of Escherichia coli focused on prevalence of EAST1 toxin in stool of diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets and presence of adhesion involving virulence factors in astA positive strains. Vet Microbiol . 2012 Jan 27;154(3-4):369-75. Epub 2011 Aug 4Immunization with recombinant Lactobacillus casei strains producing K99, K88 fimbrial protein protects mice against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli . Vaccine . 2011 Aug 18. [Epub ahead of printRefinement of a human challenge model for evaluation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccines. Clin Vaccine Immunol . 2011 Oct;18(10):1719-27. Epub 2011 Aug 18Small intestinal segment perfusion test in piglets: future applications in studying probiotics-gut crosstalk in infectious diarrhoea? Benef Microbes . 2010 Nov;1(4):439-45. ReviewA tripartite fusion, FaeG-FedF-LT(192)A2:B, of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC ) elicits antibodies that neutralize cholera toxin, inhibit adherence of K88 (F4) and F18 fimbriae, and protect pigs against K88ac/heat-labile toxin infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol . 2011 Oct;18(10):1593-9. Epub 2011 Aug 3Inflammatory response of porcine epithelial IPEC J2 cells to enterotoxigenic E. coli infection is modulated by zinc supplementation. Mol Immunol . 2011 Sep;48(15-16):2113-21. Epub 2011 Jul 30Heat-labile- and heat-stable-toxoid fusions (LTR₁₉₂G-STaP₁₃F) of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli elicit neutralizing antitoxin antibodies. Infect Immun . 2011 Oct;79(10):4002-9. Epub 2011 Jul 25Distribution of classical and nonclassical virulence genes in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from Chilean children and tRNA gene screening for putative insertion sites for genomic islands. J Clin Microbiol . 2011 Sep;49(9):3198-203. Epub 2011 Jul 20First
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