Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever

Ebola haemorrhagic fever (Ebola HF) is a severe, often-fatal disease in humans and non-human primates (monkeys and chimpanzees).

The disease is caused by infection with Ebola virus, named after a river in the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly Zaire) in Africa, where it was first recognised.

Manifestation:

Within a few days of becoming infected with the virus:

• High fever
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Stomach pain
• Fatigue
• Diarrhoea

Within one week of becoming infected with the virus:

• Chest pain
• Shock
• Death

Diagnose and treatment: Bloodtest demonstrates diagnose. Therapy is not available. More than 50% fatalities are reported. Vaccine is not available.

Prevent Ebola haemorrhagic fever by:

• Avoid contact with blood
• Avoid contact with secrets
• Avoid contact with hospitals or medical clinic in areas with Ebola

Ebola Resource:

dsRNA binding characterization of full length recombinant wild type and mutants Zaire ebolavirus VP35.
Zinzula L, Esposito F, Pala D, Tramontano E.
Antiviral Res. 2012 Jan 25. [Epub ahead of print
Vesicular Stomatitis Virus-Based Vaccines for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Filovirus Infections.
Marzi A, Feldmann H, Geisbert TW, Falzarano D.
J Bioterror Biodef. 2011 Sep 25;S1(4). pii: 2157-2526-S1-004
Induction of ebolavirus cross-species immunity using retrovirus-like particles bearing the Ebola virus glycoprotein lacking the mucin-like domain.
Ou W, Delisle J, Jacques J, Shih J, Price G, Kuhn JH, Wang V, Verthelyi D, Kaplan G, Wilson CA.
Virol J. 2012 Jan 25;9(1):32. [Epub ahead of print
DC-SIGN Antagonists, a Potential New Class of Anti-Infectives.
Anderluh M, Jug G, Svajger U, Obermajer N.
Curr Med Chem. 2012 Jan 17. [Epub ahead of print
Protective role of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in filovirus hemorrhagic Fever.
Warfield KL, Olinger GG.
J Biomed Biotechnol. 2011;2011:984241. Epub 2011 Dec 28
The organisation of ebola virus reveals a capacity for extensive, modular polyploidy.
Beniac DR, Melito PL, Devarennes SL, Hiebert SL, Rabb MJ, Lamboo LL, Jones SM, Booth TF.
PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29608. Epub 2012 Jan 11
Characterization of the RNA Silencing Suppression Activity of the Ebola Virus VP35 Protein in Plants and Mammalian Cells.
Zhu Y, Celebi Cherukuri N, Jackel JN, Wu Z, Crary M, Buckley KJ, Bisaro DM, Parris DS.
J Virol. 2012 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print
Cathepsins B and L activate Ebola but not Marburg virus glycoproteins for efficient entry into cell lines and macrophages independent of TMPRSS2 expression.
Gnirß K, Kühl A, Karsten C, Glowacka I, Bertram S, Kaup F, Hofmann H, Pöhlmann S.
Virology. 2012 Mar 1;424(1):3-10. Epub 2012 Jan 4
Consequences of non-intervention for infectious disease in african great apes.
Ryan SJ, Walsh PD.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29030. Epub 2011 Dec 22
Ebola haemorrhagic fever outbreak in Masindi District, Uganda: outbreak description and lessons learned.
Borchert M, Mutyaba I, Van Kerkhove MD, Lutwama J, Luwaga H, Bisoborwa G, Turyagaruka J, Pirard P, Ndayimirije N, Roddy P, Van der Stuyft P.
BMC Infect Dis. 2011 Dec 28;11(1):357. [Epub ahead of print
Structure of an Ebola virus-protective antibody in complex with its mucin-domain linear epitope.
Olal D, Kuehne A, Bale S, Halfmann P, Hashiguchi T, Fusco ML, Lee JE, King LB, Kawaoka Y, Dye JM Jr, Saphire EO.
J Virol. 2011 Dec 14. [Epub ahead of print
Plasmid DNA production for therapeutic applications.
Lara AR, Ramírez OT.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;824:271-303
A Single Sublingual Dose of an Adenovirus-Based Vaccine Protects against Lethal Ebola Challenge in Mice and Guinea Pigs.
Choi JH, Schafer SC, Zhang L, Kobinger GP, Juelich T, Freiberg AN, Croyle MA.
Mol Pharm. 2012 Jan 1;9(1):156-67. Epub 2011 Dec 15
Fifty-five years of international epidemic-assistance investigations conducted by CDC's disease detectives.
Rolle IV, Pearson ML, Nsubuga P.
Am J Epidemiol. 2011 Dec 1;174(11 Suppl):S97-112
Enhanced potency of a fucose-free monoclonal antibody being developed as an Ebola virus immunoprotectant.
Zeitlin L, Pettitt J, Scully C, Bohorova N, Kim D, Pauly M, Hiatt A, Ngo L, Steinkellner H, Whaley KJ, Olinger GG.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 20;108(51):20690-4. Epub 2011 Dec 5
A nonreplicating subunit vaccine protects mice against lethal Ebola virus challenge.
Phoolcharoen W, Dye JM, Kilbourne J, Piensook K, Pratt WD, Arntzen CJ, Chen Q, Mason HS, Herbst-Kralovetz MM.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Dec 20;108(51):20695-700. Epub 2011 Dec 5
Development of an Antiviral Screening Protocol: One-Stone-Two-Birds.
Rumschlag-Booms E, Zhang H, Soejarto DD, Fong HH, Rong L.
J Antivir Antiretrovir. 2011 Jan 7;3:8-10
Ebola virus glycoprotein needs an additional trigger, beyond proteolytic priming for membrane fusion.
Bale S, Liu T, Li S, Wang Y, Abelson D, Fusco M, Woods VL Jr, Saphire EO.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Nov;5(11):e1395. Epub 2011 Nov 15
Bimolecular Complementation to Visualize Filovirus VP40-Host Complexes in Live Mammalian Cells: Toward the Identification of Budding Inhibitors.
Liu Y, Lee MS, Olson MA, Harty RN.
Adv Virol. 2011 Jan 1;2011. pii: 341816
Comparative analysis of Ebola virus glycoprotein interactions with human and bat cells.
Kühl A, Hoffmann M, Müller MA, Munster VJ, Gnirss K, Kiene M, Tsegaye TS, Behrens G, Herrler G, Feldmann H, Drosten C, Pöhlmann S.
J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov;204 Suppl 3:S840-9
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