Diseases

Brucellosis

Brucellosis is caused by the bacteria B. abortusD (from cattle), B. melitensis, B.ovis (from sheep, and goats), B. suis (pigs), and rarely B. canis (from dogs). Commonly transmitted through abrasions of the skin from handling infected mammals, or by by ingesting contaminated milk and dairy products.

Manifestation:

In the acute form (<8 weeks from illness onset), symptomatic, nonspecific and "flu-like," including:

• Fever
• Sweats
• Malaise
• Anorexia
• Headache
• Myalgia
• Back pain.

In the undulant form (<1 year from illness onset), symptoms include:

• undulant fevers
• arthritis
• orchiepididymitis in males.
• Neurologic symptoms may occur acutely in up to 5% of cases.

In the chronic form (>1 year from onset), symptoms may include:

• chronic fatigue syndrome-like
• depressive episodes
• Arthritis.

Diagnose and treatment: Diagnose is demonstrated by bloodtest. Therapy with antibiotics is available.

Prevent Brucellosis by

• Don’t drink unpasteurised milk
• Don’t eat dairy products from unpasteurised milk
• Don’t handle infected mammal.

Brucellosis Resource:

Unusual presentations of pediatric neurobrucellosis.
Budnik I, Fuchs I, Shelef I, Krymko H, Greenberg D.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 Feb;86(2):258-60
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors for Brucellosis in a High-Risk Group of Individuals in Bangladesh.
Rahman AK, Dirk B, Fretin D, Saegerman C, Ahmed MU, Muhammad N, Hossain A, Abatih E.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2012 Feb 2. [Epub ahead of print
Infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome probably attributable to Coxsackie A virus infection.
Cunha BA, Mickail N, Petelin AP.
Heart Lung. 2012 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print
Comparison of doxycycline-streptomycin, doxycycline-rifampin, and ofloxacin-rifampin in the treatment of brucellosis: a randomized clinical trial.
Hashemi SH, Gachkar L, Keramat F, Mamani M, Hajilooi M, Janbakhsh A, Majzoobi MM, Mahjub H.
Int J Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print
Efficacy evaluation of live Escherichia coli expression Brucella P39 protein combined with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides vaccine against Brucella melitensis 16M, in BALB/c mice.
Al-Mariri A, Mahmoud NH, Hammoud R.
Biologicals. 2012 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of print
Unusual manifestations of brucellosis.
Kaya O, Avşar K, Zeynep Akçam F.
Arch Med Sci. 2011 Feb;7(1):173-5. Epub 2011 Mar 8
Doxycycline-rifampin versus doxycycline-rifampin-gentamicin in treatment of human brucellosis.
Mile B, Valerija K, Krsto G, Ivan V, Ilir D, Nikola L.
Trop Doct. 2012 Jan;42(1):13-7
Control and prevention of brucellosis in small ruminants: time for action.
Smits HL.
Vet Rec. 2012 Jan 28;170(4):97-8. No abstract available.
Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in cattle in Ireland.
Wilson K, Sammin D, Harmeyer S, Nath M, Livingstone M, Longbottom D.
Vet J. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print
Cross-border molecular tracing of brucellosis in Europe.
Gwida M, Neubauer H, Ilhan Z, Schmoock G, Melzer F, Nöckler K, Janczyk P, Tomaso H, Rösler U, Al Dahouk S.
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print
Exploiting the Campylobacter jejuni protein glycosylation system for glycoengineering vaccines and diagnostic tools directed against brucellosis.
Iwashkiw JA, Fentabil MA, Faridmoayer A, Mills DC, Peppler M, Czibener C, Ciocchini AE, Comerci DJ, Ugalde JE, Feldman MF.
Microb Cell Fact. 2012 Jan 25;11(1):13. [Epub ahead of print
Complete Genome Sequence of Brucella suis VBI22, Isolated from Bovine Milk.
Tae H, Shallom S, Settlage R, Hawkins GN, Adams LG, Garner HR.
J Bacteriol. 2012 Feb;194(4):910
Oxidant and antioxidant parameters in patients with Brucella canis.
Usta M, Aras Z, Tas A.
Clin Biochem. 2012 Jan 12. [Epub ahead of print
Brucella infection with pancytopenia after pediatric liver transplantation.
Polat KY, Tosun MS, Ertekin V, Aydinli B, Emre S.
Transpl Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 20. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3062.2011.00709.x. [Epub ahead of print
Granulomatous myositis associated with brucellosis: A case report and literature review.
Kojan S, Alothman A, Althani Z, Alshehri A, Mansour N, Khathaami A, Haider A, Al-Jumah M.
Muscle Nerve. 2012 Feb;45(2):290-3. doi: 10.1002/mus.22261
A large exposure to Brucella melitensis in a diagnostic laboratory.
Sam IC, Karunakaran R, Kamarulzaman A, Ponnampalavanar S, Syed Omar SF, Ng KP, Mohd Yusof MY, Hooi PS, Jafar FL, Abubakar S.
J Hosp Infect. 2012 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print
Role of TLRs in Brucella mediated murine DC activation in vitro and clearance of pulmonary infection in vivo.
Surendran N, Hiltbold EM, Heid B, Akira S, Standiford TJ, Sriranganathan N, Boyle SM, Zimmerman KL, Makris MR, Witonsky SG.
Vaccine. 2012 Jan 9. [Epub ahead of print
Lymphocyte activation test for diagnosis of seronegative Brucellosis in humans.
Almajid FM.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2011 Oct;54(4):775-81
Unusual presentation of neurobrucellosis: a solitary intracranial mass lesion mimicking a cerebral tumor : A case of encephalitis caused by Brucella melitensis.
Erdem M, Namiduru M, Karaoglan I, Kecik VB, Aydin A, Tanriverdi M.
J Infect Chemother. 2012 Jan 11. [Epub ahead of print
Brucellosis, presenting with guillain-barré syndrome.
Babamahmoodi F, Babamahmoodi A.
J Glob Infect Dis. 2011 Oct;3(4):390-2
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