Botulism

Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum . Botulism is caused by eating foods that contain the botulism toxin. The botulism toxin is destroyed by high temperatures, why boiling the food for 10 minutes before eating it to ensure safety is recommended.

Manifestations: The classic symptoms begin 18 to 36 hours after eating contaminated food, but they can occur as early as 6 hours or as late as 10 days.

Symptoms of botulism include:

• double vision,
• blurred vision
• drooping eyelids
• slurred speech
• difficulty swallowing
• dry mouth
• muscle weakness
• muscle paralysis of the arms, legs, trunk and respiratory muscles.

Diagnose and treatment: The toxin and the bacteria can be demonstrated in the contaminated food or in the stomach. Therapy is available.

Prevent botulism by:

• good kitchen hygiene

Botulism Resource:

[Lung cancer with bronchial stenosis due to foreign body and Entoameba gingivalis infection].
Monaco F, Mondello B, Barone M, Familiari D, Sibilio M, La Rocca A, Lentini S, Monaco M.
G Chir. 2011 Mar;32(3):139-41. Italian.
Virulence of Entamoeba histolytica: a challenge for human health research.
Anaya-Velázquez F, Padilla-Vaca F.
Future Microbiol. 2011 Mar;6(3):255-8. No abstract available.
Microbial keratitis at a referral center in Brazil.
Cariello AJ, Passos RM, Yu MC, Hofling-Lima AL.
Int Ophthalmol. 2011 Jun;31(3):197-204. Epub 2011 Mar 30
Identification of a polypeptide containing Tudor and staphyloccocal nuclease-like domains as the sequence-specific binding protein to the upstream regulatory element 1 of Entamoeba histolytica.
Calixto-Gálvez M, Romero-Díaz M, García-Muñoz A, Salas-Casas A, Pais-Morales J, Galván IJ, Orozco E, Rodríguez MA.
Int J Parasitol. 2011 Jun;41(7):775-82. Epub 2011 Apr 9
Tissue destruction and invasion by Entamoeba histolytica.
Ralston KS, Petri WA Jr.
Trends Parasitol. 2011 Jun;27(6):254-63. Epub 2011 Mar 26. Review
The cysteine protease inhibitors EhICP1 and EhICP2 perform different tasks in the regulation of endogenous protease activity in trophozoites of Entamoeba histolytica.
Šarić M, Irmer H, Eckert D, Bär AK, Bruchhaus I, Scholze H.
Protist. 2012 Jan;163(1):116-28. Epub 2011 Mar 25
Plant extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and plant-derived agents which are lethal to arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases--a review.
Pohlit AM, Rezende AR, Lopes Baldin EL, Lopes NP, Neto VF.
Planta Med. 2011 Apr;77(6):618-30. Epub 2011 Mar 22. Review
In vitro sensitivity of Blastocystis hominis to garlic, ginger, white cumin, and black pepper used in diet.
Yakoob J, Abbas Z, Beg MA, Naz S, Awan S, Hamid S, Jafri W.
Parasitol Res. 2011 Aug;109(2):379-85. Epub 2011 Mar 23
Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar infection in chronic hemodialysis patients.
Ferreira-Filho SR, da Costa Braga FC, de Sa DM, Nunes EB, Parreira Soares JS, Padovese SM, de Oliveira AC, Ferreira Oliveira GM, Dos Passos G, Lemes HL.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2011 Mar;22(2):237-44
Usefulness of the presence of trophozoites in pleural fluid in the diagnosis of amoebic empyema and liver abscess.
Parejo-Matos J, Rodríguez-Suárez S, Luque-Márquez R.
Arch Bronconeumol. 2011 May;47(5):265-6. Epub 2011 Mar 21. English, Spanish. No abstract available.
A case-control study of Blastocystis hominis among Iranian population.
Rostami Nejad M, Nazemalhosseini Mojarad E, Dabiri H, Nochi Z, Pourhoseingholi MA, Sahebekhtiari N, Habibi M, Zali MR.
East Afr J Public Health. 2010 Mar;7(1):101-4
A C2 domain protein kinase initiates phagocytosis in the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica.
Somlata, Bhattacharya S, Bhattacharya A.
Nat Commun. 2011;2:230
Microbial keratitis as a foreseeable complication of cosmetic contact lenses: a prospective study.
Sauer A, Bourcier T; French Study Group for Contact Lenses Related Microbial Keratitis.
Acta Ophthalmol. 2011 Aug;89(5):e439-42. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.2011.02120.x. Epub 2011 Mar 15
[Survey of severe contact lens-associated microbial keratitis in Japan].
Uno T, Fukuda M, Ohashi Y, Shimomura Y, Ishibashi Y, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Ueda K, Eguchi H, Shiraishi A, Sotozono C, Tagawa Y, Chikama T.
Nihon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi. 2011 Feb;115(2):107-15. Japanese.
Use of PCR to detect Entamoeba gingivalis in diseased gingival pockets and demonstrate its absence in healthy gingival sites.
Trim RD, Skinner MA, Farone MB, Dubois JD, Newsome AL.
Parasitol Res. 2011 Sep;109(3):857-64. Epub 2011 Mar 12
A rare survivor of Balamuthia granulomatous encephalitis.
Botterill E, Yip G.
Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2011 Jul;113(6):499-502. Epub 2011 Mar 12. No abstract available.
Entamoeba species associated with chronic diarrhoea in Pakistan.
Yakoob J, Abbas Z, Beg MA, Naz S, Khan R, Jafri W.
Epidemiol Infect. 2012 Feb;140(2):323-8. Epub 2011 Mar 14
A mutation in the leptin receptor is associated with Entamoeba histolytica infection in children.
Duggal P, Guo X, Haque R, Peterson KM, Ricklefs S, Mondal D, Alam F, Noor Z, Verkerke HP, Marie C, Leduc CA, Chua SC Jr, Myers MG Jr, Leibel RL, Houpt E, Gilchrist CA, Sher A, Porcella SF, Petri WA Jr.
J Clin Invest. 2011 Mar;121(3):1191-8
An optimum diagnostic test for amoebic liver abscess in endemic areas: are we there yet?
Saleem T, Khalid U, Rabbani M.
J Pak Med Assoc. 2010 Dec;60(12):1075-6. No abstract available.
[Acanthamoeba keratitis].
Meltendorf C, Duncker G.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2011 Mar;228(3):R29-43. Epub 2011 Mar 3. Review. German. No abstract available.
First Prev 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Next Last 601/12008 Jump: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601

To top • Back to list of diseases • Home