Anisakiasis

Anisakiasis is caused by the accidental ingestion of larvae of the nematodes (roundworms) Anisakis simplex and Pseudoterranova decipiens. Eating raw or undercooked infected marine fish infects humans. After ingestion, the anisakid larvae penetrate the gastric and intestinal mucosa, causing the symptoms of anisakiasis.

Occurrence: Worldwide, with higher incidence in areas where raw fish is eaten (e.g., Japan, Pacific coast of South America, the Netherlands).

Manifestations: Within hours after ingestion of infected larvae symptoms may occur with: violent abdominal pain nausea vomiting occasionally the larvae are coughed up

Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis can be made by gastroscopic examination during which the 2 cm larvae are visualised and removed, or by histopathologic examination of tissue removed at biopsy or during surgery. The treatment of choice is surgical or endoscopic removal.

Vaccine: Not available

Prevent anisakiasis by: Don't eat raw fish.

Anisakiasis Resource:

Unusual cause of small intestine obstruction in a child: Small intestine anisakiasis: report of a case.
Juric I, Pogorelic Z, Despot R, Mrklic I.
Scott Med J. 2013 Feb;58(1):e32-6. doi: 10.1177/0036933012474616
Anisakiasis in China: The First Clinical Case Report.
Qin Y, Zhao Y, Ren Y, Zheng L, Dai X, Li Y, Mao W, Cui Y.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2013 Mar 28. [Epub ahead of print
Gastrointestinal manifestations and management of anisakiasis.
Madi LR, Ali M, Legace-Wiens P, Duerksen DR.
Can J Gastroenterol. 2013 Mar;27(3):126-7. No abstract available.
A case of anisakidosis caused by Pseudoterranova decipiens larva.
Na HK, Seo M, Chai JY, Lee EK, Jeon SM.
Korean J Parasitol. 2013 Feb;51(1):115-7. doi: 10.3347/kjp.2013.51.1.115. Epub 2013 Feb 18
A rat model of intragastric infection with Anisakis spp. live larvae: histopathological study.
Zuloaga J, Rodríguez-Bobada C, Corcuera MT, Gómez-Aguado F, González P, Rodríguez-Perez R, Arias-Díaz J, Caballero ML.
Parasitol Res. 2013 Feb 23. [Epub ahead of print
Comparison of the clinical characteristics of patients with small bowel and gastric anisakiasis in jeju island.
Kim T, Song HJ, Jeong SU, Choi EK, Cho YK, Kim HU, Song BC, Kim KS, Kim BS, Kim YR.
Gut Liver. 2013 Jan;7(1):23-9. doi: 10.5009/gnl.2013.7.1.23. Epub 2012 Nov 13
Sensitization to Anisakis simplex species in the population of northern Morocco.
Abattouy N, Valero A, Martín-Sánchez J, Peñalver MC, Lozano J.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2012;22(7):514-9
Should the host reaction to anisakiasis influence the treatment? Different clinical presentations in two cases.
Pontone S, Leonetti G, Guaitoli E, Mocini R, Manfredelli S, Catania A, Pontone P, Sorrenti S.
Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2012 Dec;104(11):607-10
Colonic intussusception caused by anisakiasis: a case report and review of the literature.
Yorimitsu N, Hiraoka A, Utsunomiya H, Imai Y, Tatsukawa H, Tazuya N, Yamago H, Shimizu Y, Hidaka S, Tanihira T, Hasebe A, Miyamoto Y, Ninomiya T, Abe M, Hiasa Y, Matsuura B, Onji M, Michitaka K.
Intern Med. 2013;52(2):223-6. Epub 2013 Jan 15
Identification of Anisakis species (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marine fish hosts from Papua New Guinea.
Koinari M, Karl S, Elliot A, Ryan U, Lymbery AJ.
Vet Parasitol. 2013 Mar 31;193(1-3):126-33. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.12.008. Epub 2012 Dec 20
Colonic anisakiasis.
Mumoli N, Merlo A.
CMAJ. 2012 Dec 17. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
Intractable chronic pruritus as the only manifestation of IgE hypersensitivity to Anisakis.
Gallo R, Cecchi F, Parodi A.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012 Dec;67(6):e261. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2012.03.026. No abstract available.
Anisakis simplex: current knowledge.
Pravettoni V, Primavesi L, Piantanida M.
Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012 Aug;44(4):150-6. Review
Acute intestinal anisakiasis: CT findings.
Ozcan HN, Avcu S, Pauwels W, Mortelé KJ, De Backer AI.
Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2012 Sep;75(3):364-5
Stereo and scanning electron microscopic studies of the third stage larvae of Anisakis simplex.
Roongruangchai J, Tamepattanapongsa A, Roongruangchai K.
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2012 Mar;43(2):287-95
Optimization of the pepsin digestion method for anisakids inspection in the fishing industry.
Llarena-Reino M, Piñeiro C, Antonio J, Outeriño L, Vello C, González ÁF, Pascual S.
Vet Parasitol. 2013 Jan 31;191(3-4):276-83. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.09.015. Epub 2012 Sep 19
Risk analysis of human anisakidosis through the consumption of the blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou, sold at Spanish supermarkets.
Madrid E, Galán-Puchades MT, Fuentes MV.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2012 Oct;9(10):934-8. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2012.1196
[Evaluation of Trichinella cross-reactions in the serological diagnosis of toxocariasis].
Ozkoç S, Bayram Delibaş S, Akısü C.
Mikrobiyol Bul. 2012 Jul;46(3):456-63. Turkish.
Microhabitat preference of Anisakis simplex in three salmonid species: immunological implications.
Bahlool QZ, Skovgaard A, Kania P, Haarder S, Buchmann K.
Vet Parasitol. 2012 Dec 21;190(3-4):489-95. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.07.009. Epub 2012 Jul 17
Morphological and molecular diagnosis of anisakid nematode larvae from cutlassfish (Trichiurus lepturus) off the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Borges JN, Cunha LF, Santos HL, Monteiro-Neto C, Portes Santos C.
PLoS One. 2012;7(7):e40447. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040447. Epub 2012 Jul 9
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