Anisakiasis

Anisakiasis is caused by the accidental ingestion of larvae of the nematodes (roundworms) Anisakis simplex and Pseudoterranova decipiens. Eating raw or undercooked infected marine fish infects humans. After ingestion, the anisakid larvae penetrate the gastric and intestinal mucosa, causing the symptoms of anisakiasis.

Occurrence: Worldwide, with higher incidence in areas where raw fish is eaten (e.g., Japan, Pacific coast of South America, the Netherlands).

Manifestations: Within hours after ingestion of infected larvae symptoms may occur with: violent abdominal pain nausea vomiting occasionally the larvae are coughed up

Diagnosis and treatment: Diagnosis can be made by gastroscopic examination during which the 2 cm larvae are visualised and removed, or by histopathologic examination of tissue removed at biopsy or during surgery. The treatment of choice is surgical or endoscopic removal.

Vaccine: Not available

Prevent anisakiasis by: Don't eat raw fish.

Anisakiasis Resource:

Ani s 1 and Ani s 7 recombinant allergens are able to differentiate distinct Anisakis simplex-associated allergic clinical disorders.
Cuéllar C, Daschner A, Valls A, De Frutos C, Fernández-Fígares V, Anadón AM, Rodríguez E, Gárate T, Rodero M, Ubeira FM.
Arch Dermatol Res. 2012 Jan 15. [Epub ahead of print
Adaptive radiation within marine anisakid nematodes: a zoogeographical modeling of cosmopolitan, zoonotic parasites.
Kuhn T, García-Màrquez J, Klimpel S.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28642. Epub 2011 Dec 13
Stinging in the oral cavity caused by ingestion of the sperm bags of a squid: a case report.
Shiraki Y, Kawai K, Kojima S, Suzuki Y, Ono K.
Pathol Int. 2011 Dec;61(12):749-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.2011.02722.x. Epub 2011 Sep 1
Identification of a 24 kDa excretory secretory protein in Anisakis simplex.
Park JS, Cho MK, Yu HS, Ahn SC.
Exp Parasitol. 2012 Jan;130(1):69-72
Two cases of gastric Anisakiasis for which oral administration of a medicine containing wood creosote (Seirogan) was effective.
Sekimoto M, Nagano H, Fujiwara Y, Watanabe T, Katsu K, Doki Y, Mori M.
Hepatogastroenterology. 2011 Jul-Aug;58(109):1252-4. doi: 10.5754/hge11052
A phage display system for the identification of novel Anisakis simplex antigens.
López I, Pardo MA.
J Immunol Methods. 2011 Oct 28;373(1-2):247-51. Epub 2011 Aug 27
Anisakis simplex s.l. parasitization in mackerel (Scomber japonicus) caught in the North of Morocco - prevalence and analysis of risk factors.
Abattouy N, Valero A, Benajiba MH, Lozano J, Martín-Sánchez J.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Nov 1;150(2-3):136-9. Epub 2011 Jul 29
Severe anisakiasis and cutaneous myxoma in a California yellowtail, Seriola lalandi Valenciennes.
Keller M, Han S, Snekvik K.
J Fish Dis. 2011 Aug;34(8):635-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2011.01276.x. No abstract available.
Synergism between prior Anisakis simplex infections and intake of NSAIDs, on the risk of upper digestive bleeding: a case-control study.
Ubeira FM, Anadón AM, Salgado A, Carvajal A, Ortega S, Aguirre C, López-Goikoetxea MJ, Ibanez L, Figueiras A.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2011 Jun;5(6):e1214. Epub 2011 Jun 28
Seroprevalence of antibodies against Anisakis simplex larvae among health-examined residents in three hospitals of southern parts of Korea.
Kim J, Jo JO, Choi SH, Cho MK, Yu HS, Cha HJ, Ock M.
Korean J Parasitol. 2011 Jun;49(2):139-44. Epub 2011 Jun 14
Low immunoglobulin E response in gastroallergic anisakiasis could be associated with impaired expulsion of larvae.
Daschner A, Rodero M, Cuéllar C.
J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 2011;21(4):330-1; author reply 331-2. No abstract available.
Prevalence and mean intensity of Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto) in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) from Northeast Atlantic Ocean.
Bernardi C, Gustinelli A, Fioravanti ML, Caffara M, Mattiucci S, Cattaneo P.
Int J Food Microbiol. 2011 Jul 15;148(1):55-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.027. Epub 2011 May 7
Infection or rather allergy?
Morales MA, Pozio E.
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Jun;8(6):749. No abstract available.
Different serum cytokine levels in chronic vs. acute Anisakis simplex sensitization-associated urticaria.
Daschner A, Rodero M, DE Frutos C, Valls A, Vega F, Blanco C, Cuéllar C.
Parasite Immunol. 2011 Jun;33(6):357-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01282.x
Population structure of three species of Anisakis nematodes recovered from Pacific sardines (Sardinops sagax) distributed throughout the California Current system.
Baldwin RE, Rew MB, Johansson ML, Banks MA, Jacobson KC.
J Parasitol. 2011 Aug;97(4):545-54. Epub 2011 Mar 11
Molecular characterization of Anisakis larvae from fish caught off Sardinia.
Meloni M, Angelucci G, Merella P, Siddi R, Deiana C, Orrù G, Salati F.
J Parasitol. 2011 Oct;97(5):908-14. Epub 2011 Apr 13
Anisakis simplex larvae: infection status in marine fish and cephalopods purchased from the Cooperative Fish Market in Busan, Korea.
Choi SH, Kim J, Jo JO, Cho MK, Yu HS, Cha HJ, Ock MS.
Korean J Parasitol. 2011 Mar;49(1):39-44. Epub 2011 Mar 18
First molecular identification of the zoonotic parasite Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in a paraffin-embedded granuloma taken from a case of human intestinal anisakiasis in Italy.
Mattiucci S, Paoletti M, Borrini F, Palumbo M, Palmieri RM, Gomes V, Casati A, Nascetti G.
BMC Infect Dis. 2011 Mar 31;11:82
Gastrointestinal bleeding due to suspected anisakiasis: challenging differential diagnosis for a rare disease.
Filauro M, Rollandi GA, Cassola G, Quilici P, Angelini G, Belli F, Boccardo C.
Updates Surg. 2011 Sep;63(3):213-7. Epub 2011 Mar 29
First report of human anisakidosis in Australia.
Shamsi S, Butcher AR.
Med J Aust. 2011 Feb 21;194(4):199-200
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