chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum has recently been shown to result from mutations in the novel vacuolar transporter, PfCRT. Field studies have demonstrated the importance of these mutations in clinical resistance. Although a pfcrt ortholog has been identified in Plasmodiumvivax, there is no association between in vivo chloroquine resistance and codon mutations in the P. vivax gene. This is consistent with lines of evidence that suggest alternative mechanisms of chloroquine resistance among various malaria parasite species.
Related ArticlesNew haplotypes of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene among chloroquine-resistant parasite isolates.Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003
New haplotypes of the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene among chloroquine-resistant parasite isolates.
Nagesha HS, Casey GJ, Rieckmann KH, Fryauff DJ, Laksana BS, Reeder JC, Maguire JD, Baird JK. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2003 Apr; 68(4):398-402.
High-level chloroquine resistance in Sudanese isolates of Plasmodium falciparum is associated with mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene pfcrt and the multidrug resistance Gene pfmdr1.J Infect Dis. 2001
High-level chloroquine resistance in Sudanese isolates of Plasmodium falciparum is associated with mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene pfcrt and the multidrug resistance Gene pfmdr1.
Babiker HA, Pringle SJ, Abdel-Muhsin A, Mackinnon M, Hunt P, Walliker D. J Infect Dis. 2001 May 15; 183(10):1535-8. Epub 2001 Apr 13.
Review pfcrt is more than the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance gene: a functional and evolutionary perspective.Acta Trop. 2005
Review pfcrt is more than the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance gene: a functional and evolutionary perspective.
Cooper RA, Hartwig CL, Ferdig MT. Acta Trop. 2005 Jun; 94(3):170-80.
Mapping of a Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt K76T mutation: a useful strategy for controlling chloroquine resistance in Madagascar.J Infect Dis. 2002
Mapping of a Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt K76T mutation: a useful strategy for controlling chloroquine resistance in Madagascar.
Ariey F, Randrianarivelojosia M, Duchemin JB, Rakotondramarina D, Ouledi A, Robert V, Jambou R, Jahevitra M, Andrianantenaina H, Raharimalala L, et al. J Infect Dis. 2002 Mar 1; 185(5):710-2.
Review Is PfCRT a channel or a carrier? Two competing models explaining chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.Trends Parasitol. 2007
Review Is PfCRT a channel or a carrier? Two competing models explaining chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.
Sanchez CP, Stein WD, Lanzer M. Trends Parasitol. 2007 Jul; 23(7):332-9. Epub 2007 May 10.
Review A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence for correlation between molecular markers of parasite resistance and treatment outcome in falciparum malaria.Malar J. 2009
Review A systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence for correlation between molecular markers of parasite resistance and treatment outcome in falciparum malaria.
Picot S, Olliaro P, de Monbrison F, Bienvenu AL, Price RN, Ringwald P. Malar J. 2009 May 4; 8:89. Epub 2009 May 4.
Real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and analysis of PfCRT haplotypes of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from India.J Clin Microbiol. 2007
Real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and analysis of PfCRT haplotypes of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from India.
Keen J, Farcas GA, Zhong K, Yohanna S, Dunne MW, Kain KC. J Clin Microbiol. 2007 Sep; 45(9):2889-93. Epub 2007 Jul 3.
A database of antimalarial drug resistance.Malar J. 2006
A database of antimalarial drug resistance.
Sibley CH, Ringwald P. Malar J. 2006 Jun 15; 5:48. Epub 2006 Jun 15.
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