Calcium, phosphate and the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in a population with stable coronary heart disease.

Authors:
Address: German Cancer Research Centre, Heidelberg, Germany.
Journal:

Publication:

abstract

OBJECTIVE:

High serum Calcium and phosphate levels have been linked to cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality but evidence from longitudinal studies is scarce, especially among patients with pre-existing coronary heart disease. the association between baseline calcium and phosphate and prognosis was examined in a cohort study of patients with stable coronary heart disease.

METHODS:

Serum calcium and phosphate were measured in a cohort of initially 1206 patients undergoing a 3 week rehabilitation programme after an acute cardiovascular event and subsequently being followed-up for 8 years. Multivariate Cox regression was employed to assess the association of quartiles and continuous levels of calcium and phosphate with secondary cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS:

No significant risk elevations were observed for secondary cardiovascular event incidence in models adjusted for a variety of potential confounders. High calcium levels, however, were strongly associated with mortality risk in adjusted models (HR(Q4vsQ1)=2.39 (1.22 to 4.66)). In additional multivariable analyses, the calcium/albumin ratio was predictive for all-cause mortality (HR(Q4vsQ1)=2.66 (1.35 to 5.22)) and marginally predictive for cardiovascular event incidence (HR(Q4vsQ1)=1.74 (1.00 to 3.05)).

CONCLUSIONS:

Calcium and the ratio of calcium with albumin, its major binding protein, were strongly associated with all-cause mortality among patients with coronary heart disease. The underlying mechanisms and the clinical implications of these findings deserve further study.

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