Useful tips

Insect Protection

The geographical distribution of vector-borne diseases depends on the ecological requirements of the vector. Water plays a key role for most vectors. Thus, the transmission of many vector-borne diseases is seasonal since it depends on rainfall. Temperature is also a critical factor, limiting the distribution of vectors by altitude and latitude. Exposure of travellers to vectors is influenced by the purpose of the visit.

Use insect repellent, preferably one containing DEET (diethyltoluamide). When the product is applied to clothes, the repellent effect is longer. Repellents should be used in strict accordance with the manufacturers' instructions and the dosage must not be exceeded, especially for young children.

Avoid mosquito bites:

Keep your arms and legs covered after sunset.
Use insect repellent, preferably one containing DEET
Sleep in properly screened rooms and employ a 'knockdown' spray to kill any mosquitos in the room.
Use a mosquito net around the bed at night. Preferably the net should be impregnated with an insecticide.You should ensure that there are no holes in it and that it is well tucked in. Nets can often be bought from shops and from travel clinics.
Use an insecticide to impregnate your cloth
Air-conditioning is a highly effective means of keeping mosquitoes and other insects out of a room. In air-conditioned hotels, other precautions are not necessary indoors.

Contact with fresh water (lakes, slow-running streams) is to be avoided in areas where schistosomiasis is prevalent. For occupational contact (for example, irrigation consultants visiting an affected area), protective boots are recommended.

However, none of these precautions will give absolute protection. So if you develop a fever, or feel ill, while abroad or up to three months after returning, it is essential to seek medical attention immediately. If you develop these symptoms after you have left a malarial region, tell the doctor that you have been to a country where malaria is a health risk.

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Updated 24-Feb-2003 • ŠtraveldoctorOnline 2001 • Disclaimer • webmaster

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