High Altitude
Travellers to high altitudes, both mountains climbers and trekkers, should be advised of the potential hazard of acute mountain sickness. Even those who are fit run the risk of acute Mountain sickness during rapid ascent to high altitudes if they spend more than half a day above 2,500 metres. A number of studies have shown a correlation between incidence of that disease and altitude: in the Swiss Alps, high altitude sickness have been observed in 9% of climbers at 2,850 meters, 34% at 3,650 metres, and 53% at 4,559 metres.
The occurrence of problems is depended of:
Your physical form. Be in good shape before start climbing. The speed of the ascent. Avoidance of problems is best achieved by a slow ascent and by maximising the opportunities to acclimatise. The altitude where you spend the night. By spending the night at a lower altitude than the highest attained during the day is helpful - Climb High Sleep Low¨ Acute Mountain sickness (AMS) is the term used to describe the most common symptoms which include
headache, nausea, dizziness, loss of appetite, vomiting insomnia. If these symptoms are ignored and the affected person continues to ascend, more serious conditions such as: High Altitude Cerebral Pulmonary Oedema (HACO & HAPO) both of which are life threatening can result.
Prevent AMS by:
slow ascent. The difference in altitude between one night camp and the next should not exceed 300 metres if signs of acute mountain sickness appear, a day of rest must be taken at a lower altitude if possible. If signs persist or increase, the patient must go down at least 500 metres avoid exhaustion reduce use of salt avoid dehydration Prophylactic acetazolamide has been effective in preventing altitude sickness in susceptible traveller s.
High altitude Resource: Discordant Patterns of Nuclear and Mitochondrial Introgression in Iberian Populations of the European Common Frog (Rana temporaria). Veith M, Baumgart A, Dubois A, Ohler A, Galán P, Vieites DR, Nieto-Román S, Vences M.J Hered . 2012 Feb 8. [Epub ahead of printComparative analyses of leaf anatomy of dicotyledonous species in Tibetan and Inner Mongolian grasslands. Ma J, Ji C, Han M, Zhang T, Yan X, Hu D, Zeng H, He J.Sci China Life Sci . 2012 Jan;55(1):68-79. Epub 2012 Feb 8DNA multigene sequencing of topotypic specimens of the fascioliasis vector Lymnaea diaphana and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Pectinidens (Gastropoda). Bargues MD, Mera Y Sierra RL, Artigas P, Mas-Coma S.Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz . 2012 Feb;107(1):111-24[Integrated assessment of eco-environmental vulnerability in Pearl River Delta based on RS and GIS]. Xu QY, Huang M, Liu HS, Yan HM.Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao . 2011 Nov;22(11):2987-95. Chinese.Acute ischaemic stroke during short-term travel to high altitude . Chan T, Wong WW, Chan JK, Ma JK, Mak HK.Hong Kong Med J . 2012 Feb;18(1):63-5Decreased Kidney Function Among Agricultural Workers in El Salvador. Peraza S, Wesseling C, Aragon A, Leiva R, García-Trabanino RA, Torres C, Jakobsson K, Elinder CG, Hogstedt C.Am J Kidney Dis . 2012 Jan 31. [Epub ahead of printNitric oxide in adaptation to altitude . Beall CM, Laskowski D, Erzurum SC.Free Radic Biol Med . 2012 Jan 20. [Epub ahead of printThe Aouda.X Space Suit Simulator and Its Applications to Astrobiology. Groemer GE, Hauth S, Luger U, Bickert K, Sattler B, Hauth E, Föger D, Schildhammer D, Agerer C, Ragonig C, Sams S, Kaineder F, Knoflach M.Astrobiology . 2012 Feb 2. [Epub ahead of printHypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Sylvester JT, Shimoda LA, Aaronson PI, Ward JP.Physiol Rev . 2012 Jan;92(1):367-520Effects of fasudil in patients with high -altitude pulmonary hypertension. Kojonazarov B, Myrzaakhmatova A, Sooronbaev T, Ishizaki T, Aldashev A.Eur Respir J . 2012 Feb;39(2):496-8. No abstract available.[Effect of oxidative stress in development of acute high altitude response during the process of strong physical work at high altitude ]. Yang SY, Feng EZ, Yan ZQ, He W, Tian ZX, Yin H, Ma LF, Zhou QQ, Shi ZF.Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi . 2011 Nov;27(4):457-60. Chinese.Wolbachia-mediated male killing is associated with defective chromatin remodeling. Riparbelli MG, Giordano R, Ueyama M, Callaini G.PLoS One . 2012;7(1):e30045. Epub 2012 Jan 23Changes in Cardiac Autonomic Activity During a Passive 8 Hour Acute Exposure to 5 500 m Normobaric Hypoxia are not Related to the Development of Acute Mountain Sickness. Wille M, Mairer K, Gatterer H, Philippe M, Faulhaber M, Burtscher M.Int J Sports Med . 2012 Jan 30. [Epub ahead of printChronic hypoxia exposure during pregnancy is associated with a decreased active nursing activity in mother and an abnormal birth weight and postnatal growth in offspring of rats. Chen F, Du S, Bian J, You ZB, Wu Y.Horm Behav . 2012 Jan 21. [Epub ahead of printFasciola hepatica phenotypic characterization in Andean human endemic areas: Valley versus altiplanic patterns analysed in liver flukes from sheep from Cajamarca and Mantaro, Peru. Adela Valero M, Perez-Crespo I, Khoubbane M, Artigas P, Panova M, Ortiz P, Maco V, Espinoza JR, Mas-Coma S.Infect Genet Evol . 2012 Jan 20. [Epub ahead of printMetabolic Characterization of cold active Pseudomonas, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Flavobacterium spp. from Western Himalayas. Gangwar P, Alam SI, Singh L.Indian J Microbiol . 2011 Jan;51(1):70-5. Epub 2011 Jan 26The role of nitrogen deposition in the recent nitrate decline in lakes and rivers in Northern Italy. Rogora M, Arisci S, Marchetto A.Sci Total Environ . 2012 Jan 24. [Epub ahead of printMolecular characterization of a mosaic locus in the genome of 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' Wang X, Zhou C, Deng X, Su H, Chen J.BMC Microbiol . 2012 Jan 26;12(1):18. [Epub ahead of printAthyrium distentifolium used for bioindication at different altitudes in the Tatra National Park (South Poland). Samecka-Cymerman A, Stankiewicz A, Kolon K, Kempers AJ, Musiał M.Ecotoxicol Environ Saf . 2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of printAromatase Activity After a Short-course of Letrozole Administration in Adult Men at Sea Level and at High Altitude (with or without Excessive Erythrocytosis). Gonzales GF, Tapia V, Gasco M, Gonzales-Castañeda C.Horm Metab Res . 2012 Feb;44(2):140-5. Epub 2012 Jan 24First
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