A community outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in sydney associated with a public swimming facility: a case-control study.
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A community outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in sydney associated with a public swimming facility: a case-control study.
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Authors:
Address: South Eastern Sydney Illawarra Public Health Unit, Health Reform Transition Organisation-Southern, Locked Mail Bag 9, Wollongong, NSW 2526, Australia.
Journal:
Publication:
In February, 2008, the South Eastern sydney Illawarra public Health Unit investigated an outbreak of cryptosporidiosis within the south east region of Sydney, Australia. Thirty-one cases with laboratory-confirmed cryptosporidiosis and 97 age- and geographically matched controls selected by random digit dialling were recruited into a case-control study and interviewed for infection risk factors. Cryptosporidiosis was associated with swimming at facility A (matched odds ratio = 19.4, 95% confidence interval: 3.7-100.8) and exposure to household contacts with diarrhoea (matched odds ratio = 7.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.9-31.4) in multivariable conditional logistic regression models. A protective effect for any animal contact was also found (matched odds ratio = 0.2, 95% confidence interval: 0.1-0.7). Cryptosporidium hominis subtype IbA10G2 was identified in 8 of 11 diagnostic stool samples available for cases. This investigation reaffirms the importance of public swimming pools as potential sources of Cryptosporidium infection and ensuring their compliance with water-quality guidelines. The protective effect of animal contact may be suggestive of past exposure leading to immunity.
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